Ошибка numpy ndarray object has no attribute append

NumPy is a library for the Python programming language, adding support for large, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices, along with a large collection of high-level mathematical functions to operate on these arrays. If you are into analytics, you might have come across this library in python. In the beginning, some things might confuse a programmer when switching from python traditional lists to NumPy arrays. One such error that we might come across is “AttributeError: ‘numpy.ndarray’ object has no attribute ‘append’“.  In this article, let us look at why do we see this error and how to fix it.

When adding an item to a python list, we make use of the list’s append method. The syntax is pretty simple and when we try to replicate the same on a NumPy array we get the above-mentioned error. Let us look through it with an example.

Example: Code that depicts the error

Output:

In the above output, we can see that the python list has a data type of list. When we perform the append operation, the item i.e., 5 gets appended to the end of the list `pylist`. While we try the same method for the NumPy array, it fails and throws an error “AttributeError: ‘numpy.ndarray’ object has no attribute ‘append’“. The output is pretty explanatory, the NumPy array has a type of numpy.ndarray which does not have any append() method. 

Now, we know that the append is not supported by NumPy arrays then how do we use it? It is actually a method of NumPy and not its array, let us understand it through the example given below, where we actually perform the append operation on a numpy list.

Syntax:

numpy.append(arr, values, axis=None)

Parameters:

• arr: numpy array: The array to which the values are appended to as a copy of it.
• values: numpy array or value: These values are appended to a copy of arr. It must be of the correct shape (the same shape as arr, excluding axis). If axis is not specified, values can be any shape and will be flattened before use.
• axis: int, optional: The axis along which values are appended. If axis is not given, both arr and values are flattened before use.

Example: Fixed code 

Output:

As in the output, we can see that initially, the NumPy array had 4 items (1, 2, 3, 4). After appending 5 to the list, it is reflected in the NumPy array. This is so because here the append function is used on NumPy and not on NumPy array object (numpy.ndarray). 

Last Updated :
28 Nov, 2021

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In regular Python, you can use the append() method to add an item to the end of a list. You cannot use this method in NumPy. If you try to use the Python append() method to add an item to the end of a NumPy array, you will see the AttributeError: ‘numpy.ndarray’ object has no attribute ‘append’ error.

This guide discusses in detail the cause of and the solution to this NumPy error. We will refer to an example to illustrate how to fix this error. Let’s get started.

AttributeError: ‘numpy.ndarray’ object has no attribute ‘append’

The AttributeError: ‘numpy.ndarray’ object has no attribute ‘append’ error is caused by using the append() method to add an item to a NumPy array. You should instead use the numpy.append() method if you want to add an item to a list.

The numpy.append() method was specifically written for the NumPy library. NumPy arrays are different to regular Python arrays so it is reasonable that NumPy has its own method to add an item to an array.

The NumPy append() method uses this syntax:

numpy.append(list_to_add_item, item_to_add)

The two parameters we will focus on are:

• list_to_add_item: The list to which you want to add an item.
• item_to_add: The item you want to add to the list you specify.

The numpy.append() method returns a new array which contains your specified item at the end, based on the “list_to_add_item” array. Note that you do not put append() after the list to which you want to add an item, like you would in regular Python.

Let’s go through an example of this error.

An Example Situation

We are building an application that tracks the performance grades a product has received after quality assurance at a factory. The products are scored on a scale of 50 and all products must achieve a score of at least 40 to go out into the world.

We are building the part of the application that adds new scores to an array which stores the scores a product has received for the last day. To build this program, we can use the append() method:

import numpy as np

scores = np.array([49, 48, 49, 47, 42, 48, 46, 50])
to_add = 49

scores.append(to_add)

print(scores)

Our program adds the score 39 to our list of scores. In a real-world situation, we may read these scores from a file, but to keep our example simple we have declared an array in our program. Our code prints a list of all the scores to the Python console after the new score is added to our array of scores.

Let’s run our code and see what happens:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 6, in <module>
	scores.append(to_add)
AttributeError: 'numpy.ndarray' object has no attribute 'append'

Our code returns an error.

The Solution

We are trying to use the regular Python append() method to add an item to our NumPy array, instead of the custom-build numpy.append() method.

To solve this error, we need to use the syntax for the numpy.append() method:

import numpy as np

scores = np.array([49, 48, 49, 47, 42, 48, 46, 50])

scores = np.append(scores, 49)

print(scores)

We use the np term to refer to the NumPy library. This works because we defined the numpy library as np in our import statement. We pass the list to which we want to add an item as our first argument; the new score to add to our array is our second argument.

We have to assign the result of our np.append() operation to a new value. This is because np.append() does not modify an existing array. Instead, the method creates a new array with your new value added.

Let’s run our program and see what happens:

[49 48 49 47 42 48 46 50 49]

The number 49 has been successfully added to the end of our list.

Conclusion

The AttributeError: ‘numpy.ndarray’ object has no attribute ‘append’ error indicates you are using the regular Python append() method to add an item to a NumPy array. Instead, you should use the numpy.append() method, which uses the syntax: numpy.append(list, item_to_add). This method creates a new list with the specified item added at the end.

Do you want to learn more about coding in NumPy? Check out our How to Learn NumPy guide. This guide contains top tips on how to build your knowledge of NumPy, alongside a list of learning resources suitable for beginner and intermediate developers.